I used to walk for weeks at a time looking for things like this, diamonds in the deep country, what is left of archaeology after more than a century of the general pillaging of artifacts, culprits ranging from museum expeditions to black market pothunters. My solution is leaving objects where I find them. It's certainly not everyone's solution, but it is mine. I wrote a book on the dilemma, "Finders Keepers."

Upon finding this seed jar, I spent hours peering into the shadowed underside of its tilted, protective boulder. I reached out from time to time to touch the slowly decaying ceramic finish, as did my friend who was with me for the discovery.

My friend wanted it moved, not to take it home, but to get it into an even more protected space. I said no, insisting it remain exactly where we found it. The debate continued intractably into the next day. We've got rules about this kind of thing.

I'm not talking about government rules, which protect objects like this, making it illegal to remove artifacts from any public lands. This was about our rules, where you just don't take something like this. Ancient and enchanting, it is not something that belongs to us. It belongs, rather, to the land itself, its centuries of residence not something we should disturb.

My friend and I had been backpacking off-trail in Utah for a decade together, and we'd been in each other's company for finding a coil-weave basket, probably 1,500 years old, a painted clay canteen with ceramic loops for carrying guessed around 900 years old, and this red seed jar, a style you would have seen around the Four Corners 800 years ago. We left each where we found it. No digging was ever involved. That was another rule, not even a hand-swipe through the soil. You could find only what had been intentionally hidden, artifacts deposited into some protected space, but not those buried with the dead, which accounts for most whole ceramic vessels found in any collection you'll see, private or public.

My friend wanted to move the seed jar farther out of sight so no one would spot it like we had, and take off with it. But I held my ground. This was where the original hands had placed it, and where it should stay. The route getting here was not easy, a litany of cliffs and canyons, so I wasn't envisioning someone making a causal find. The jar itself was among countless toppled boulders, easy to get back to if you knew where it was, but nearly impossible to find if you were just out poking around. I thought it was at least marginally safe, and insisted that we not even lift it from its spot for examination. It was to stay exactly as we found it.
Seed Jar.

I've had an archaeologist call me a vandal for leaving artifacts like these and not telling authorities, which was, I suppose, another of our rules: tell no one. He said that I was just as bad as the thief who would inevitably come along behind me and take the very thing I wanted preserved. After that, who knows where it could end up, traded on the illicit American artifact market, propped up in a display case behind someone's couch, or pitched into the trash when people come to clean out after the owner of the object dies.

I've witnessed the latter, so I know it's true. A friend and carpenter once took me to a house in Colorado to show me artifacts being thrown away. He was hired to refinish the place for resale, and he took me to the back yard where the surviving generation had been pitching carelessly broken pre-Columbian jars and bunches of bone and shell beads into the dirt. I took one thing from that mess, an intact Hohokam bracelet carved from a white Glycymeris shell, a product of ancient southern Arizona.

Museums don't really want this stuff. If I'd walked in with this slender, O-shaped bracelet, and asked them to curate the thing, they would have told me to keep it. No provenience, no data, it was more or less worthless to science, better off in my pocket.

I drove to a nearly-forgotten Hohokam site southeast of Phoenix, walked up one of the nearby desert washes, and dropped the bracelet into the unsorted, water-driven gravel, leaving it there. By now, flash floods could have carried it a hundred miles.

I didn't mention this to the archaeologist who called me a vandal.

I do wonder about the larger things I've left behind. I remember a pair of Apache water baskets in an eastern Arizona cave about 20 years ago, and I don't dare go back, all but certain they are now gone. Just about anyone who finds them, I assume will haul them home. I still wouldn't have taken them, even knowing they'd be gone by someone else's hand. The argument doesn't hold for me where one should steal an artifact to prevent another from doing the same. Not telling authorities such as archaeologists or land managers is another story. I knew they'd take the baskets, too, gathering what data they could, but leaving the cave ultimately empty to prevent an eventual theft and the removal of an object from the hands of science.

It's been 11 years since we found the seed jar in Utah. Normally, I wouldn't go back to see if something was still there, but the superb science show Radiolab asked if the original crew, including my wife who was camped in the next canyon over at the time, would return to the site along with a radio producer. We agreed and last March backpacked to the edge of a canyon where we set camp, and the next day headed off for the location of the seed jar.

On a warm, sun-pierced day, we descended one canyon over steep boulder fields, and rose into a crack-climbing, shade-seeking ascent of another canyon. All along the way, we pondered whether the seed jar would be there or not. If it was not, what might that say about humanity and our beliefs? We had many questions.

What we found when we got there was totally unexpected. The story we'd been imagining was turned on its head.

You can listen to the Radiolab segment here. I dont feel I should give away the surprise ending, best handled by the fine folks in New York.